The collections of Brussels’ museums: permanent treasures

22 abril 2026
The Iguanodons of Bernisssart Institute of Natural Sciences

Temporary exhibitions punctuate the seasons and give us a desire for change and variety. But the large permanent collections of our capital's museums are bursting with secrets, surprising objects and masterpieces to be rediscovered. We think we know them like the back of our hand, but in addition to the many surprises they have in store for us, they tell us a lot about the cultural history of Brussels. Here's an overview of some of the capital's most beautiful permanent collections.

 

MONT DES ARTS

MIM - Musical Instruments Museum

In addition to its Art Nouveau facade, which is ever-present on trendy Instagram feeds, the MIM boasts a fine collection of some 1,200 rare pieces. Spread over four floors, these instruments come from all over the world and take visitors on a journey back in time spanning from antiquity to Jean Michel Jarre!

Armed with your audio guide, let yourself be led between the sculpted drums of the Congo, superb violas da gamba, the oldest saxophone in the world and even the amazing barrel organ known as the "tooth puller"! This instrument decorated with automatons actually represents an open-air dentist's scene. 

museum of musical instruments indoor - instruments

Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium

Did you know that of the 20,000 or so works in their collections, the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium only exhibit 2,000? That just shows how many they have in storage! In their exhibition halls, you can drift serenely from the 15th to the 21st century through a series of emblematic movements in the history of art. We come across the brushstrokes of great masters like Rogier van der Weyden, Jérôme Bosch or Quentin Metsys (Old Masters) but also of Pierre Bonnard, Paul Klee or Klimt. The tour offers a beautiful intimate encounter with the Flemish Primitives and some emblematic works of the avant-gardes. A special mention goes to the beautiful works of James Ensor and the melancholy works of Léon Spilliaert.

For an extraordinary, out of this world encounter with the works of Rene Magritte, head to the adjoining museum that bears the name of the great master of surrealism. An immersive and intimate scenography guides you through the meanders of the painter's unbridled imagination.

Royal Museum of Fine Arts of Belgium - interior

CINQUANTENAIRE - EUROPEAN QUARTER

Art & History Museum

In the heart of Cinquantenaire Park, the Art & History Museum is a real playground for urban adventurers. Covering 4 hectares and some 140 rooms, the museum takes you from national archaeology to decorative art, through antiquity and non-European civilisations.

Among the real stars of this collection, don't miss the gigantic Moai of Easter Island, 6 tons of history inscribed in a massive andesite block almost 3 metres tall. Did the Peruvian mummy of Rascar Capac haunt your dreams when you were a child? Head to hall 36 for an intense face-to-face encounter with "He-who-unleashes-fire-from-the-sky". A little further on, Tintin enthusiasts will also recognise the small pre-Columbian wooden statuette that inspired the statuette from "The Broken Ear", another jewel in the collections of the Art & History Museum. In every room, you can enjoy the magnificent details of lesser-known but no less moving pieces, each of which tells a story in its own right.

Art & History Museum Brussels

Have you heard of the museum pass?

Valid for one year, this pass gives you access to over 270 Belgian museums, including 50 in Brussels. For just €64.95, you can visit a whole host of fascinating museum collections, as well as the best exhibitions on show. It's a real bargain for those who love a day out! 

Royal Military Museum

With medieval armour, armoured vehicles and aerial ballet of bombers, this museum offers a truly immersive experience into the inner workings of the military! From the Middle Ages to aviation, the collections showcase a wide variety of artefacts. Wander amongst the breastplates, artillery pieces and cannons in the Historic Gallery, before strolling through to Russian Gallery to discover imperial treasures and the silverware of the Cossack knights, the silver trumpets of the guard or the magnificent 53-kg silver-gilt punch bowl (a unique, hand-painted piece). With over 130 aircraft (including one you can actually step inside!), the Aviation Hall remains a must-see! It features several rare specimens, including the Schreck-FBA seaplane and its anti-submarine hull.

Planète vivante, Institut d'histoire naturelle

Autoworld

Sparkling bodywork, spoilers and sleek lines… make your way to Autoworld, Brussels’ automotive museum. Beneath its impressive glass roofs, some 300 saloons, limousines, coupés and motorbikes are on display, retracing the history of the automobile and automotive design from the 1920s to the present day. Among the gems of the collection, the majestic Ehler Gala Sedan, used by Napoleon III on his wedding day, the famous Red Jeep from Tintin - Land of Black Gold, and La Jamais Contente are particularly special. With its evocative name, this Belgian creation was the very first electric car to break the legendary 100 km/h barrier.

Planète vivante, Institut d'histoire naturelle

Institute of Natural Sciences

As you walk up Rue Vautier, the monumental silhouette of a life-size dinosaur can be seen in the distance. You've almost arrived at the Institute of Natural Sciences, home to the largest dinosaur gallery in Europe!

For those of you who know the Bernissart Iguanodons and the Gallery of Humankind by heart, take a tour of one of the most exciting new features of the moment: the museum's new permanent "Living Planet" exhibition. Covering everything from giraffes to aphids, it deploys a modern and interactive scenography to celebrate biodiversity with 850 specimens of terrestrial and marine animals. Bathed in natural light and free from any species classification, a brown bear can stand next to a hornbill and a llama has a disconcerting face-off with a cheetah! It's an exciting immersive journey into the heart of what makes our ecosystem so rich. Not to be missed by nature lovers!

 

Living Planet, Institute of Natural Sciences

HEYSEL

Design museum

The permanent collections of the Design museum Brussels bring a touch of chic back to plastic with an exceptional series of everyday objects that are as colourful as they are poppy (from Tupperware and inflatable chairs to the iconic cactus by Guido Drocco & Franco Mello, straight out of the 1960s!) From Pop Art to Post-Modernism via the 2000s, this colourful collection of over 2,000 plastic pieces explores the role of design in contemporary culture. Amidst this exuberant exhibition, see if you can find the ‘Hot Lips’ telephone shaped like a mouth or the ‘isolation sphere’ armchair, a polyester bubble that looks like something straight out of a science-fiction film!

Planète vivante, Institut d'histoire naturelle

SCHAERBEEK

Trainworld

With its immersive design and unique presentation, Trainworld immerses visitors of all ages in the world of railways. Created by François Schuiten (the renowned comic book artist), the setting sparks the imagination, whilst the collections trace the extraordinary history of the railway in Belgium, from the first steam-powered journey in 1835 to the trains of the future. So, get up close to historic locomotives, take a peek inside iconic carriages of unrivalled luxury (hello, royal carriages) and feast your eyes on vintage posters, models, uniforms and other technical artefacts from a bygone era!

Planète vivante, Institut d'histoire naturelle

TERVUREN

AfricaMuseum

With its modern and interactive exhibition design, the AfricaMuseum presents a critical assessment of colonisation. One that examines the past and the present without overlooking the future. This vision is also reflected in the building’s architecture, which skilfully blends contemporary additions with the original structure, dating from 1910.

Exploring the permanent collections means watching the different facets of Central Africa unfold before your eyes: intricately carved masks, breathtaking zoological collections (from elephants to butterflies), everyday objects and even a music corner that echoes to the sound of rumba. Among the highlights of the exhibition, be sure to visit Moseka, the traffic robot. Standing almost 2 metres tall, this android regulates traffic on the streets of Kinshasa and other major Congolese cities.

(c) Musée d'Afrique Centrale